When it comes to creating landscapes that people are drawn to and constructions that last, few materials can match the transformative power of crushed stone and gravel. These materials are great options for anyone who wants to improve their garden paths or build strong foundations. They each have their own unique qualities that make them suitable for various applications.

We in this guide will cover everything that you need to know about crushed stone and gravel to help you make an informed choice for your project.

What is Crushed Stone?‍

Crushed stone is a processed rock that is broken down into different sizes for construction and landscaping uses. It is typically made by crushing larger rocks like:

• Limestone
• Granite
• Basalt

Crushed stone has sharp edges and that is what makes it an ideal choice for structural applications where stability is important.

Types of Crushed Stone

Crushed stone comes in several types, each with its own specific uses and benefits. Here is a breakdown of some popular types:

1. Crushed Stone #57

#57 is a commonly used in driveways, drainage and construction. Crushed stone #57 is made from limestone and has coarse particles between ¾" and 1" in diameter. It is affordable and also easy to get and that is what makes it a popular choice for DIYers and contractors.

2. Crushed Stone #411

#411 is a mix of big, fine, and dust particles. It combines stone, screenings, and dust.

The small particles and dust make the material hard. It is ideal option for paving stone paths, retaining walls, turf, driveways, and more. #411 stone is ideal for any application that needs a solid base.

3. Crushed Stone #3

#3 is a large size of crushed stone. It is a popular type, made up of stones 1–2 inches in diameter.

Most gravel driveways have at least three layers of stone. #3 is a popular choice for a solid base layer and it is what gives the whole driveway a strong foundation and ensures proper drainage.

#3 is also used in railways and for projects that need good drainage.

4. Item #4

Item 4 is a mixture, like crushed stone #411. It is made by mixing stone with sand and dirt. The sand and dirt make it compact. Like #411, Item #4 is great for driveways, sidewalks, or patios.

Item #4 comes in different versions:

• Recycled Item #4 - Made from recycled stones.
• Quarry Item #4 - Made from limestone.
• Gray or blue Item #4

5. Stone Dust

Stone dust is made up of tiny stone particles and dust and that is what makes it similar to coarse sand.

Stone dust is not the best choice for areas with vehicles since it is so fine. But it is a perfect for walking paths and that protects underground utility lines, or levelling areas to create a smooth base layer.

6. Quarry Process (QP)

The quarry process stone is pretty similar to #411 and item #4. It is a combination of smaller crushed stone and fine stone dust.

This stone mix is really compactable and can be used for:

a. A base layer
b. Landscaping
c. filling in low areas
d. the top layer of a driveway.

If you use it for a driveway, it will turn into a hard and semi-solid layer. This layer can handle the weight of large vehicles driving on it.

What is Gravel?

Gravel is the material that naturally occurs as a result of the erosion of rocks over time. It is what gives them smooth and rounded edges. Gravel is commonly used for:

1. Pathways
2. Garden beds
3. Decorative applications

It is typically used where appearance and comfort underfoot are prioritized.

Types of Gravel

Gravel is typically used for aesthetics and comfort due to its natural colors and smooth texture. Here are a few types of gravel to consider:

1. Pea Gravel

Pea gravel is made up of small and rounded stones that are about the size of peas. These stones come in a variety of colors that makes them a popular choice for decorative pathways and garden beds. You can add 3/8 pea gravel around the flower beds for a decorative and tidy look. However, they can shift easily and may require edging to stay in place because of their smooth edges.

2. River Rock

River rock is gravel that has been smoothed and rounded by water. It is harvested from creeks and rivers. It is larger than pea gravel but comes in the same natural colors. River rock can come in a range of sizes.

River rock tends to shift just like pea gravel. It can move under the weight of vehicles, so it makes an attractive choice for the top layer of a driveway. However, some edging may be required to keep it in place.

3. Lava Rock

Lava rock forms when lava cools with gases inside. This makes a light, porous stone.

Lava rocks come in red, black, or grey and are good for landscaping. They can be used for weed control, decoration or mulch.

The porous material helps keep water in the soil, maintain soil temperature and stop erosion. They also stop weeds growing.

Lava rock is not a good option for building walkways or driveways.

4. Marble Chips

Marble chips are chipped white or gray marble stones and offer a striking, polished look. They are ideal for decorative applications such as pathways, but they can shift. That is why edging is recommended to keep them in place.

5. Jersey Shore Gravel

Jersey Shore gravel provides a beach-like appearance with its warm golden tones and is often used in landscaping and garden pathways. This gravel type requires edging to prevent spreading, especially in high-traffic areas.

How is Gravel Different from Crushed Stone?

The main difference between gravel and crushed stone lies in their formation and appearance.

Final Thoughts

Crushed stone and gravel both play key roles in construction and landscaping projects. Knowing the different types and uses of these materials can help you make better choices. It is how you can select the perfect option for your project with the right knowledge. Reach out to Western Materials if you want to compare crushed rock aggregate costs and explore options for crushed rock delivered right to your project site. We are always there to help you.